Mallet finger and Jersey finger are two finger injuries that are commonly confused, yet have opposite mechanisms of injury and deficits.
Mallet finger and Jersey finger are two finger injuries that are commonly confused, yet have opposite mechanisms of injury and deficits. In this post we discuss both injuries including diagnosis, examination and management. Mallet Finger Mallet Finger: Extensor Tendon Rupture Versus Avulsion Mallet finger is a term used to describe the flexion deformity of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint that results from injury to the extension mechanism of the joint .
The appearance of the finger represents that of a mallet, when the more proximal joints are extended resulting in the distal phalanx fixed in flexion. In terms of mechanism of injury, the patient usually experiences a traumatic forced flexion of the extended DIP, leading to rupture of the extensor tendon. Common examples of this injury include baseball/basketball striking the joint in a direct blow or catching the finger when tucking bedsheets.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2rkr2NOgTuQElson's Test can aid in diagnosis Diagnosis is often clinical and includes collecting a detailed history on the mechanism of injury as described above. Physical exam will prominently show a “drooping” distal phalanx with inability to extend on active range of motion (ROM), but with retained passive ROM by the examiner. There may also be pain and swelling to the joint depending on the exact mechanism of injury.
Due to the traumatic nature of this injury, it is recommended that clinicians also obtain radiographs of the finger to rule out any fracture or subluxation. A mallet finger with fracture is known as a mallet fracture and could require surgical management depending on the involvement of articular surface. Mallet finger splintsUltimately, a mallet finger injury is managed with splinting the finger in extension . There are multiple splints such as a stack splint and aluminum splint that can be used to achieve extension of the joint, but it is recommended that individuals obtain a custom thermoplastic splint to ensure proper fitting of the splint and therefore appropriate compliance of splint application. The DIP joint should be splinted at 0 to 10 degrees for 6 to 8 weeks full time, then should be splinted at night for an additional 2 to 6 weeks to ensure appropriate healing.[ref]Breed M, Fitch R.
If you are experiencing symptoms that may be related to mallet finger vs jersey finger, it is important to see a sports medicine physician. Early evaluation and treatment typically lead to better outcomes. Do not ignore pain or symptoms that are limiting your activity.
*This article is for educational purposes only and does not substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider.*
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